Ibhetri egciniweyo vs uBonelelo lwaMandla olungaphazamisekiyo: Yeyiphi eFana neProjekthi? 

Ibhetri egciniweyo igcina amandla; unikezelo lwamandla olungaphazamisekiyo lulawula indlela la mandla kunye nomthombo oluncedo ongenayo unika umthwalo obalulekileyo. Ibhetri ngokwayo ayidli ngokubonelela ngemveliso ye-AC elawulwayo, ulawulo lomthombo oluzenzekelayo, ukulungiswa, ukuguqulwa, ukudlula, ii-alam okanye ukuziphatha komgangatho wamandla okulindeleke kwi-UPS epheleleyo. Ukuba iprojekthi ifuna kuphela amandla eDC agciniweyo kwinkqubo esele yenziwe ngobunjineli, ibhanki yebhetri inokuba yinto efanelekileyo yokuthengwa kwempahla. Ukuba imfuno iyaqhubeka, amandla e-AC alungiselelwe iiseva, ulawulo, unxibelelwano okanye izixhobo ezichanekileyo, umthengi ngokubanzi ufuna i-UPS epheleleyo enenkqubo yebhetri elinganayo.

Ukhetho ke ngoko alukho ukhuphiswano phakathi kweemveliso ezimbini ezinokutshintshana. Sisigqibo sokwakha. Abathengi kufuneka bachaze umthwalo, ukuphazamiseka okwamkelekileyo, ixesha lokuqhuba elifunekayo, umthombo wegalelo, umgangatho wemveliso, iqhinga lokudlula, ukubeka iliso, indawo kunye nobungqina bokwamkelwa ngaphambi kokuthelekisa amaxabiso ezixhobo.

Iinketho ezimbini zokusombulula iindawo ezahlukeneyo zengxaki yamandla

Ibhetri ngumthombo wamandla e-electrochemical. Inkcazo yokuthengwa kwayo inokubandakanya ikhemistri, amandla ombane, umthamo, izinga lokukhutshwa, ukulungiswa kwe-terminal, iimeko zenkonzo, isiseko sobomi obulindelekileyo kunye nokukhusela okanye ikhabhinethi eya kusebenza kuyo. Iba luncedo kuphela xa ezinye izixhobo zilawula ukutshaja kwaye ziguqula okanye zisasaze imveliso yayo ngendlela umthwalo onokuyisebenzisa.

I-UPS yinkqubo yamandla elungelelanisiweyo. Kulungiselelo lokuguqulwa kabini kwi-intanethi, i-AC engenayo iguqulelwa kwi-DC kwaye yakhiwe ngokutsha njenge-AC elawulwayo yomthwalo. Inkqubo yokugcina amandla idibanisa kwikhonkco ye-DC ukwenzela ukuba ilahleko okanye ukuwohloka komthombo wegalelo akufuni ukuba umthwalo ulinde ukuba i-generator eyahlukileyo iqale. Indlela yokudlula, ulawulo, ukhuseleko kunye nonxibelelwano lugqibezela inkqubo yokusebenza.

Iiprojekthi ezifuna olu kuziphatha lulungelelanisiweyo kufuneka luqale nge UPS ongaphazamisekiyo unikezelo lombane uluhlu, uze uthelekise ubumbeko ngokuchasene nedayagram yomgca omnye kunye nolandelelwano lokusebenza. Iiprojekthi zokuthenga iibhetri endaweni yoko kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuhambelana netshaja efakiweyo, ibhasi yeDC, ukhuseleko kunye nendlela yokulawula ibhetri.

Uthelekiso olusebenzayo luqala ngesiphumo esifunekayo

Itheyibhile ityhila ukuba kutheni ixabiso lebhetri eliphantsi alinakuthelekiswa ngqo nekowuteshini ye-UPS. Unikezelo olunye lungaquka kuphela amandla agciniweyo; enye ingabandakanya indlela epheleleyo egcina umthwalo unamandla kwaye ngaphakathi kwemida yawo yombane. Uthelekiso olufanelekileyo kufuneka kuqala lulungelelanise umda wenkqubo.

Idatha yokulayisha igqiba ukureyishwa kwamandla e-UPS

Ukhetho lwe-UPS alunakuncitshiswa ekongezeni izixhobo ze-nameplate watts. I-RFQ kufuneka ichonge zombini amandla okwenene kwiikilowatts kunye namandla abonakalayo kwi-kilovolt-amperes, kunye nomthwalo wamandla ombane. I-UPS kufuneka ihlale kuzo zombini iireyithingi. Umthwalo ona-24 kW wamandla okwenene kwi-0.8 factor factor imele i-30 kVA; umniki-maxabiso obona kuphela ixabiso le-24 kW unokucebisa isixokelelwano esingaphantsi.

Iitotali ezizinzileyo nazo aziphelelanga. Iimotor, iicompressor, ii-transformer kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane zinokuzoba ukuqala okanye ukutyhala ngoku. Imithwalo ye-elektroniki engahambelaniyo inokunyanzelisa i-crest factor ephezulu kunye ne-harmonic current. Unikezelo lwamandla olungafunekiyo lunokutshintsha inyathelo lomthwalo xa isondlo esinye silahlekile. Ukukhula kwexesha elizayo, iyantlukwano yomthwalo kunye nelona nyathelo likhulu lithembekileyo kufuneka ke ngoko lichazwe ngokwahlukeneyo kunokuba lifihlwe kumda wepesenti enye.

Ulungiselelo lwemveliso olufunekayo lubalulekile ngokunjalo. Qinisekisa ukucwangciswa kwesigaba, amandla ombane aqhelekileyo, ukuphindaphinda, ukufakwa komhlaba, iimfuno ezingathathi hlangothi kunye nokusabalalisa okusezantsi. I-UPS yamanqanaba amathathu akufanele ikhethwe nje ngenxa yokuba isibonelelo sinesigaba sesithathu sobonelelo oluluncedo; ukuhanjiswa komthwalo kunye nolungiselelo lokudlula lumisela igalelo elifanelekileyo kunye nemveliso yezakhiwo.

I-Runtime lubalo lwamandla kunye nemida yokwenyani yokusebenza

Iiyure ze-Ampere zodwa azichazi ixesha lokugcina. Amandla ebhetri aqala ngombane ophindaphindwe ngamandla, kodwa ixesha lokusebenza elisebenzayo likwaxhomekeke kwisantya sokukhupha, ubudala bebhetri, ubushushu, umbane ophelayo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inverter, ilahleko yangaphakathi, umgaqo-nkqubo wogcino kunye neprofayile yomthwalo. Umthamo we-lead-asidi ngokuqhelekileyo uwela njengoko izinga lokukhutshwa linyuka, ngelixa iinkqubo ze-lithium zihlala ziphantsi kwemilinganiselo yokulawula ibhetri kunye neefestile ezivumelekileyo ze-state-of-charge.

Abathengi kufuneka bachaze ixesha lokuqhuba elifunekayo kumthwalo ochaziweyo kunye nemeko yokuphela kokukhutshwa. Imfuneko inokuba yinde ngokwaneleyo ukuze kuvalwe ngocwangco, ukuze ijenereyitha iqalise kwaye izinzise, ​​okanye inkqubo iqhubeke ngokucinywa okuchaziweyo. Le yimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Imfuno yemizuzu elishumi yokuzimela kumthwalo opheleleyo woyilo ayilingani nemfuneko yemizuzu engamashumi amathathu kumthwalo osebenzayo wangoku.

Ubungakanani bebhetri kufuneka buchaze imilinganiselo yokuphela kobomi ekuvunyelwene ngayo yiprojekthi. Ukuba isixokelelwano kusafuneka sihambise ixesha elifunekayo emva kwexesha elichaziweyo, umthamo wokuqala webhetri uya kufuna umda woyilo olufanelekileyo. Lo mda kufuneka ubonakale ekubaleni kunokuba uchazwe ngendlela ecacileyo “njengegcisa elongezelelweyo.”

Ukuqhubekeka kunye nomgangatho wamandla kuqinisekisa ukuba i-UPS iyimfuneko

Eminye imithwalo inokunyamezela ukuphazamiseka okufutshane kwaye ifuna kuphela enye indawo. Abanye abanako ukunyamezela umsantsa phakathi kokusilela koncedo kunye nokufumaneka kwejenereyitha. Umkhuseli wokutya unokunciphisa iziganeko ezithile ezidlulayo kodwa akakwazi ukunika amandla ngexesha lokucima. Ijenereyitha yokulinda inokuxhasa uphazamiseko olude kodwa ithatha ixesha ukuqalisa, ifikelele kwivoltheji ezinzileyo kunye namaza omoya, kwaye yamkele umthwalo. Iibhulorho ze-UPS ezithatha ikhefu kwaye ziyakwazi ukwahlula umthwalo kuluhlu olubanzi lokuphazamiseka kokungena, ngokuxhomekeke kwi-topology echaziweyo kunye nemida.

Kwisixhobo esinovakalelo, umthengi kufuneka achaze amandla ombane avumelekileyo kunye nokwahluka kwamaza, umgangatho wamaza, indlela yokuziphatha yokudlulisa kunye nokubuyisela emva kwamanyathelo omthwalo. Ukusebenza okupheleleyo kwe-UPS kunye nendlela yokuvavanya inokulungelelaniswa ne-IEC 62040-3 okanye omnye umgangatho osebenzayo ngokwekhontrakthi. Ukhuseleko, ukuhambelana kwe-electromagnetic kunye neemfuno zofakelo lwasekhaya zifuna isiqinisekiso esahlukileyo; ireferensi enye yentsebenzo ayiquki ngokuzenzekelayo zonke izibophelelo zeprojekthi.

Apho iimeko zokusetyenziswa zingasebenzi kakuhle okanye ijenereyitha ingumthombo wesibini, iRFQ kufuneka ibandakanye igalelo-voltage elilindelekileyo kunye noluhlu lwamaza. Ubungakanani be-generator, ummiselo, i-harmonics kunye nokuziphatha kwesinyathelo somthwalo kunokuchaphazela ukuhambelana kwe-UPS. "I-Generator ehambelanayo" kufuneka ikhokhelele kuphononongo lwe-interface, ingapheli.

Iqhinga lokudlula kunye nokugcinwa lichaphazela inkqubo yonke

I-UPS inokukhusela umthwalo ngelixa usiba sisithintelo solondolozo ukuba ulwakhiwo lwe-bypass alucacanga. I-bypass yangaphakathi ye-static inokudlulisa umthwalo xa i-inverter igcwele kakhulu okanye ingafumaneki, kodwa ayifuni ukwahlula yonke i-UPS yenkonzo ekhuselekileyo. I-bypass yolondolozo eyahlukileyo inokubonelela ngendlela yenkonzo, kodwa i-interlocks yayo, inkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokukhusela okunyukayo / okusezantsi kufuneka kuhambelane nokufakela.

Iprojekthi kufuneka ichaze ukuba zeziphi na iziganeko zokungaphumeleli okanye zolondolozo ekufuneka zinyanyezelwe. I-UPS enye ene-bypass, iiyunithi ezimbini ezihambelanayo, okanye iindlela ezizimeleyo ze-A kunye ne-B zibonelela ngamanqanaba ahlukeneyo okufumaneka. Iintambo zebhetri, izixhobo ezikhuselayo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwazo kunokudala amanqaku aqhelekileyo okusilela. Uyilo oluchanekileyo lulandela isiphumo somthwalo woshishino kunye nesicwangciso sokulondolozwa, hayi ileyibhile yokungafuneki.

Faka iinkcazo zemveliso kufakelo, hayi ngokuzimeleyo

Kwiiprojekthi ezifuna ukuhlanganiswa kwe-rack kunye nesigaba sesithathu sokufaka / imveliso, i I-10–40 kVA rack-mount online UPS lulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo lokuvavanya. Uluhlu lwayo olupapashiweyo lusebenzisa ukuguqulwa kabini kwi-intanethi kwaye lujoliswe kwimithwalo ebalulekileyo. Ulwazi lwemveliso luphinda luchonge imodeli ye-10 kVA ene-five-phase-five-five input and output, 380/400/415 V iinketho ezikhethiweyo, i-0.9 imveliso yamandla kunye nenkxaso yokudibanisa i-generator.

Loo maxabiso sisiqalo, hayi ukuvunywa kweprojekthi ngokuzenzekelayo. Abathengi kusafuneka baqinisekise eyona modeli ireyithiweyo, umthwalo we-kW kunye ne-kVA, i-voltage, isixhobo esikhuselayo esinyukayo, ukulinganisa intambo, umthombo we-bypass, umbane webhetri kunye nokuzimela, ubunzulu be-rack, ukupholisa, ukukhutshwa kwenkonzo, iprothokholi yonxibelelwano kunye neemfuno zombane zasekhaya. Ujongano olukhethwayo kufuneka luchongwe kwikoteyishini endaweni yokucingelwa ukusuka kwinkcazo yenqanaba lothotho.

Iimeko zesayithi nazo zitshintsha isigqibo. Ukushisa okusebenzayo, ukuphakama, ukufuma, uthuli, umoya kunye nokufikelela kuchaphazela ukufakela kunye nenkonzo. Ukuba eyona ndawo ingqongileyo ingaphandle kweemeko ezipapashiweyo, umboneleli kufuneka achaze iimfuno zokuhla, indawo ebiyelweyo okanye yolungiselelo phambi kokuba isixhobo sikhutshwe.

Ubungqina bokuvuma kufuneka bulandele umda wenkqubo

Umyalelo webhetri unokufuna iirekhodi zokuvelisa, ukuchongwa, ukuhlolwa kwe-voltage kunye nokumelana, isiseko sokuvavanya umthamo, i-hardware yokudibanisa kunye nobungqina bokupakisha. Umyalelo opheleleyo we-UPS ufuna ukuqinisekiswa okubanzi: imodeli kunye neerekhodi zokucwangcisa, ukujonga okubonakalayo kunye nobukhulu, ukusebenza komsebenzi, ukufakwa kunye nokufundwa kwemveliso, ukuhlolwa kwe-alamu kunye nonxibelelwano, ukusebenza kwe-bypass, ukuziphatha kwebhetri-mode kunye nobubanzi bovavanyo lomthwalo ovunyelweneyo.

Ayiyiyo yonke iprojekthi efuna uvavanyo olugcweleyo olungqiniweyo, kodwa iprojekthi nganye kufuneka ichaze ukuba yintoni engqina ukuhambelana. Ikowuteshini kufuneka yahlule iitshekhi zesiqhelo zasefektri, iimvavanyo zokwamkelwa zasefektri ozikhethelayo, ugunyaziso lwendawo kunye novavanyo olwenziwa ngabanye. Kufuneka kwakhona ibize amagama amaxwebhu ahanjiswe kunye nezixhobo: imizobo, iincwadana, iirekhodi zovavanyo, uluhlu lwe-interface, ishedyuli ye-spare-parts kunye nemimiselo yewaranti.

Imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa

Ngaba ibhanki yebhetri ingathatha indawo ye-UPS?

Kuphela ukuba ukufakela sele kubandakanya ukutshaja okuhambelanayo, ukuguqulwa kwamandla, ukutshintsha, ukukhuselwa kunye nokulawula. Ibhetri iyodwa ayiboneleli ngemveliso ye-AC elawulwayo okanye imisebenzi eqhubekayo ye-UPS epheleleyo.

Ngaba i-UPS iyafana nejenereyitha?

Hayi. I-UPS inikezela ngomthwalo ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kumandla agciniweyo kunye neemeko amandla ngaphakathi koyilo lwayo. Ijenereyitha ivelisa amandla okusebenza ixesha elide kodwa ifuna ukuqala nokuzinzisa. Iinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zihlala zilungelelanisa zombini.

Ngaba umthamo we-UPS kufuneka ukhethwe kwi-kW okanye kwi-kVA?

Zombini. Umthwalo oqhagamshelweyo kufuneka uhlale ngaphakathi kwe-UPS yamandla okwenene kwi-kW kunye nomlinganiselo wamandla abonakalayo kwi-kVA. Isici samandla, amanyathelo okulayisha kunye ne-inrush nayo ifuna ukuphononongwa.

Ngaba ibhetri enkulu iyalonyusa izinga lamandla e-UPS?

Hayi. Umthamo webhetri ohambelana ngakumbi unokwandisa ixesha lokusebenza, kodwa awunyusi inverter's kW okanye i-kVA rating. Ukutshaja amandla, amandla ombane eDC kunye nemida yebhetri evunyiweyo yomthengisi nayo kufuneka ijongwe.

Lungiselela i-RFQ evelisa izibonelelo ezifanayo

Thumela iibhidi ishedyuli yomthwalo, i-kW kunye ne-kVA, i-factor factor, idatha ye-inrush, igalelo kunye neemeko zemveliso, ixesha lokuqhuba elifunekayo, iinkcukacha ze-generator, i-bypass concept, i-redundancy target, imo, i-interfaces yokubeka iliso, ubuninzi, uxwebhu, umda wokuvavanya kunye nendawo yokuhanjiswa. Cela umthengisi ngamnye ukuba abuyisele imodeli ye-UPS echanekileyo, ukubalwa kwebhetri, kubandakanywa i-switchgear kunye nezixhobo, ilahleko, ukulahlwa kobushushu, imizobo, ixesha lokuhamba, ukukhutshwa kunye noluhlu lokutenxa ngomgca ngomgca.

Nje ukuba la magalelo elungile, angenise nge Ifomu yombuzo wenkcazo yeprojekthi. Impendulo kufuneka yahlule umda opheleleyo we-UPS kwiibhetri, unxibelelwano olunganyanzelekanga, ulungiso lokudlula, ukufakela kunye nokugunyaziswa. Oko kwahlula kuguqula ibhetri yogcino vs ingxoxo ye-UPS ibe yi-architecture enokuphicothwa kunye nekowuteshini enokuthi ithelekiswe ngokwemiqathango elinganayo.